By archeological and anthropological evidence, oral tradition, and Chinese imperial records, Hmong first emerged in central Asia as early as 5000 B.C. Hmong folktales describe a place having six months of light and six of darkness where snow covered mountains and ice laid across lakes.

Over many centuries, Hmong migrated eastward towards northeast modern day Tibet and into southern China. There, Hmong settled and began an agrarian life. To this day, the majority of Hmong still live in China.